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Abstract in RussianInvasive neurointerfaces – fields of their application DOI: 10.29188/2712-9217-2024-10-2-27-42
- Bril E.V. – PhD, Head of the Center for Extrapyramidal Disorders and Mental Health of the State Scientific Center FMBC named after A.I. Burnazyan FMBA of Russia, Head of the department of neurology with a course of neurosurgery; Medical and Biological University of Innovation and Continuing Education FMBC named after. A.I. Burnazyan, FMBA of Russia, Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, RMANPO; Moscow, Russia; RSCI Author ID 737607, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6524-4490
- Shaderkina A.I. – junior scientific researcher, Scientific and Practical Centre of Pediatric Psychoneurology of Moscow, Healthcare Department; Moscow, Russia; RSCI Author ID 1064989, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0639-3274
- Efimochkina S.M. – research intern at the Department of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.V. Sklifosovsky, First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russia; RSCI Author ID 1233454, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6196-4095
- Litavrin A.I. – 4th year student of the Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.V. Sklifosovsky, First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russia; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0460-4992
- Kuznetsova M.A. – 4th year student of the Institute of Clinical Medicine named after N.V. Sklifosovsky, First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russia; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9971-0538
357 Introduction. Neuroimplants are devices that interact with the nervous system for recording, stimulating or replacing neural activity. Neuroimplants refer to invasive technologies and are a particular example of brain-computer interfaces that measure brain activity and interpret it to control external devices and computers. This paper will discuss invasive neurointerfaces (IN), their applications, directions of development and limitations of these technologies.
Materials and methods. The search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus databases, as well as in open Internet sources.
Results and discussion. This section presents a description of the most common neuroinvasive structures, their applications in neurology, psychiatry, and fundamental research. In neurology neuroinvasive devices are the most widely spread. They significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with pharmacoresistant forms of migraine and epilepsy, provide rehabilitation of patients after a stroke and allow them to adapt to the performance of everyday tasks. In psychiatry, neuroimplants are used in the form of DBS (deep brain stimulation) devices that reduce the severity of symptoms of mental disorders by acting on functional networks.
Conclusion. Neuroimplants provide opportunities for the treatment of pharmacoresistant diseases, such as pharmacoresistant epilepsy, increasing the quality of life of the patients. Current research interest is focused on developing bidirectional signal devices that, by reading brain activity patterns, analyze them and convert them into signals that allow patients to interact with the outside world.
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